Chapter 4: Nail Structure, Disorders & Diseases
Nail Anatomy, Disorders vs. Diseases & When to Refer|37 Questions|Board Exam Prep
Vocabulary Matching
Match each numbered term with the correct lettered definition.
Fill in the Blank
Complete each statement with the correct term or phrase.
The nail plate is made of a hard protein called .
The average fingernail grows approximately per month.
Damage to the can result in permanent nail deformity because this is where nail cells are produced.
Nail are conditions that can be serviced by a nail technician, while nail diseases require medical referral.
Leukonychia is a condition that causes white on the nail plate, usually from minor trauma to the matrix.
A hangnail is a condition in which the living skin around the nail splits or tears and is also called a(n) .
Toenails grow than fingernails.
A greenish discoloration on the nail plate is often a sign of a infection (pseudomonas).
Multiple Choice
Select the best answer for each board-exam style question.
The part of the nail responsible for producing new nail cells is the:
A client presents with thick, yellowed, crumbly toenails. This is most likely:
The lunula appears white because:
Which of the following nail conditions CAN a nail technician service?
The nail plate receives its pink color from:
An ingrown nail (onychocryptosis) most commonly occurs on the:
Beau's lines (horizontal ridges across the nail) are typically caused by:
The function of the hyponychium is to:
True / False
Write T for True or F for False in the blank.
The nail plate is made up of living cells that are actively growing.
A nail technician can service a client who has ridged or corrugated nails.
Onychomycosis is a bacterial infection that causes the nail to turn green.
The matrix is the most important part of the nail because it produces the nail plate.
Toenails generally grow faster than fingernails.
Nail disorders are noninfectious conditions that a nail technician may service.
Paronychia is an infection of the tissue surrounding the nail and requires a physician referral.
The eponychium and the cuticle are the same thing.
Short Answer
Answer each question in 2-3 complete sentences.
Identify and describe the six main parts of the nail unit (nail plate, nail bed, matrix, lunula, cuticle/eponychium, and hyponychium).
Explain the difference between nail disorders and nail diseases. Give two examples of each and indicate which ones a nail technician can service.
A client arrives with greenish discoloration under their acrylic nail enhancement. Describe what this likely indicates and what steps the nail technician should take.