Esthetics Program

Chapter 10: Physiology & Histology of the Skin

Skin Layers, Functions, Cells & Renewal|37 Questions|Board Exam Prep

Student Name

Date

Instructor

Score

Vocabulary Matching

Match each numbered term with the correct lettered definition.

Terms

1.Epidermis

2.Dermis

3.Subcutaneous tissue

4.Keratinocyte

5.Melanocyte

6.Collagen

7.Elastin

8.Stratum corneum

9.Acid mantle

10.Sebaceous gland

Definitions

A.Outermost skin layer providing protective barrier; no blood vessels

B.Middle layer with blood vessels, nerves, collagen, and elastin

C.Deepest layer of adipose tissue for insulation and cushioning

D.Most abundant epidermal cell producing keratin protein

E.Cell in basal layer producing melanin pigment for UV protection

F.Fibrous protein in dermis providing strength and firmness

G.Protein fiber giving skin stretch and snap-back ability

H.Outermost epidermal layer of dead keratinized cells

I.Protective film of sweat and sebum at pH 4.5-5.5

J.Oil-producing gland attached to hair follicles secreting sebum

Fill in the Blank

Complete each statement with the correct word or phrase.

11.The five epidermal layers from deep to surface end with stratum .

12.The protein that waterproofs skin is .

13. produce melanin to protect from UV damage.

14.Skin cell renewal takes approximately days in young adults.

15.The contains collagen, elastin, and blood vessels.

16.Sebaceous glands produce to lubricate skin.

17.The two sweat gland types are eccrine and .

18.TEWL occurs when water passes from the through the epidermis.

Multiple Choice

Select the best answer for each question.

19.Which epidermal layer produces new cells?

A. Stratum corneum B. Stratum granulosum C. Stratum basale D. Stratum lucidum

20.Collagen and elastin are primarily in:

A. Epidermis B. Dermis C. Subcutaneous tissue D. Stratum corneum

21.Primary function of melanin?

A. Produce sebum B. Protect from UV radiation C. Waterproof skin D. Transport nutrients

22.Langerhans cells are part of which system?

A. Circulatory B. Nervous C. Immune D. Endocrine

23.Which is NOT a skin function?

A. Protection B. Temperature regulation C. Red blood cell production D. Sensation

24.Subcutaneous layer is mainly:

A. Collagen and elastin B. Keratinized cells C. Adipose (fat) tissue D. Melanocytes

25.Eccrine glands concentrate on:

A. Back and chest B. Palms, soles, forehead C. Arms and legs D. Underarms only

26.With aging, collagen production:

A. Increases dramatically B. Stays the same C. Decreases, causing wrinkles D. Converts to elastin

True or False

Write T for True or F for False in the blank.

27.The epidermis contains blood vessels nourishing cells.

28.Melanin production increases with UV exposure.

29.The stratum corneum has living, dividing cells.

30.Sebaceous glands are found on palms and soles.

31.The dermis is thicker than the epidermis.

32.The acid mantle pH is 4.5-5.5 protecting against bacteria.

33.Apocrine glands regulate temperature all over the body.

34.Fibroblasts produce collagen and elastin in the dermis.

Short Answer

Answer each question in 2-4 complete sentences.

35.Describe the three skin layers and their primary functions.

36.Explain cell renewal from basal layer to stratum corneum and why it slows with age.

37.What are the six main functions of the skin?