Esthetics Program
Chapter 7: Salon Chemistry Essentials
Matter, pH Scale, Cosmetic Chemistry & Products|37 Questions|Board Exam Prep
Vocabulary Matching
Match each numbered term with the correct lettered definition.
Terms
1.Matter
2.Element
3.pH scale
4.Acid
5.Alkali
6.Emulsion
7.Solution
8.Surfactant
9.Oxidation
10.Exothermic reaction
Definitions
A.Anything that occupies space and has mass; exists as solid, liquid, or gas
B.Simplest form of matter that cannot be broken down by chemical means
C.Logarithmic scale from 0-14 measuring acidity or alkalinity
D.Substance with pH below 7.0 and high hydrogen ion concentration
E.Substance with pH above 7.0; also called a base
F.Stable mixture of two immiscible substances held by an emulsifier
G.Uniform mixture where solute is dissolved in solvent
H.Surface-active agent reducing surface tension between oil and water
I.Chemical reaction combining a substance with oxygen
J.Chemical reaction that produces heat as a byproduct
Fill in the Blank
Complete each statement with the correct word or phrase.
11.The skin's acid mantle pH is approximately .
12.A pH of 7 is considered .
13.Oil-in-water and water-in-oil are two types of .
14.The three states of matter are solid, liquid, and .
15.An allows oil and water to mix in an emulsion.
16.Chemical changes create new substances; changes only alter appearance.
17.AHAs work by lowering the of the skin to dissolve cell bonds.
18.Water is the solvent because it dissolves more substances than any other liquid.
Multiple Choice
Select the best answer for each question.
19.pH of pure water?
20.Example of a chemical change?
21.Purpose of the acid mantle?
22.In O/W emulsion, the external phase is:
23.Highly alkaline products cause skin to:
24.Each pH number change represents:
25.Which has the lowest pH?
26.A suspension differs from a solution because:
True or False
Write T for True or F for False in the blank.
27.The pH scale ranges from 0 to 14 with 7 being neutral.
28.Products matching skin pH (4.5-5.5) are least irritating.
29.Physical changes alter chemical composition.
30.Alkalis have pH below 7 with more hydrogen ions.
31.The acid mantle protects from bacteria and environmental damage.
32.Emulsions require an emulsifier to prevent separation.
33.Oxidation reactions always produce cold temperatures.
34.Water makes up 50-70% of body weight.
Short Answer
Answer each question in 2-4 complete sentences.
35.Explain pH and why it's critical for product selection.
36.Describe the difference between a solution, suspension, and emulsion with examples.
37.What is the acid mantle? What happens when products are too acidic or alkaline?