Cosmetology Program

Chapter 20: Chemical Texture Services

Permanent Waving, Chemical Relaxers & Curl Re-Forming|37 Questions|Board Exam Prep

Student Name

Date

Instructor

Score

Vocabulary Matching

Match each numbered term with the correct lettered definition. Write the letter in the blank.

Terms

1.Permanent wave

2.Thio (alkaline) perm

3.Acid wave

4.Endothermic wave

5.Exothermic wave

6.Neutralizer

7.Chemical hair relaxer

8.Thio relaxer

9.Hydroxide relaxer

10.Base cream

Definitions

A.A chemical service that permanently changes the natural wave pattern of hair by restructuring its disulfide bonds

B.A perm that requires an outside heat source to process, such as a hooded dryer

C.A product that permanently straightens curly or coiled hair by breaking and reforming disulfide bonds

D.A protective cream applied to the scalp and skin before a chemical relaxer service to prevent irritation

E.A relaxer using sodium hydroxide (lye), lithium hydroxide, or calcium hydroxide (no-lye) to permanently straighten hair

F.A chemical solution applied after perm processing to rebond (oxidize) disulfide bonds in their new curled position

G.A perm that creates its own heat through a chemical reaction during processing

H.A permanent wave using ammonium thioglycolate as the active ingredient; processes without heat at pH 9.0-9.6

I.A permanent wave using glyceryl monothioglycolate; requires heat to process at pH 4.5-7.0

J.A relaxer using ammonium thioglycolate; requires a neutralizer to stop the process

Fill in the Blank

Complete each statement with the correct term or phrase.

Question 11Fill in the Blank

Permanent waves chemically restructure the bonds in the hair cortex to create new curl patterns.

Question 12Fill in the Blank

The active ingredient in an alkaline perm is ammonium .

Question 13Fill in the Blank

The neutralizer in a perm service works by the disulfide bonds in their new curled position.

Question 14Fill in the Blank

A cream is applied to the scalp before a relaxer to protect from chemical irritation.

Question 15Fill in the Blank

Hydroxide relaxers and thio relaxers are NOT and should never be used on the same hair.

Question 16Fill in the Blank

The rod size selected for a perm determines the of the resulting curl.

Question 17Fill in the Blank

An acid wave has a pH range of approximately to 7.0.

Question 18Fill in the Blank

Sodium hydroxide is commonly known as relaxer.

Multiple Choice

Select the best answer for each board-exam style question.

Question 19Multiple Choice

Permanent waving permanently alters which type of bond?

A. Hydrogen bonds

B. Peptide bonds

C. Disulfide bonds

D. Ionic bonds

Question 20Multiple Choice

The active ingredient in an alkaline (thio) perm is:

A. Sodium hydroxide

B. Glyceryl monothioglycolate

C. Ammonium thioglycolate

D. Calcium hydroxide

Question 21Multiple Choice

What is the purpose of the neutralizer in a perm service?

A. To soften the hair

B. To add color

C. To rebond the disulfide bonds in their new shape

D. To remove curl

Question 22Multiple Choice

A no-lye relaxer typically contains:

A. Sodium hydroxide

B. Ammonium thioglycolate

C. Calcium hydroxide

D. Hydrogen peroxide

Question 23Multiple Choice

What should always be performed before a chemical texture service?

A. Color treatment

B. Scalp massage

C. Preliminary strand test

D. Thermal styling

Question 24Multiple Choice

Hydroxide relaxers and thio relaxers are:

A. Interchangeable

B. Not compatible and should never be mixed on the same hair

C. Identical in chemistry

D. Both require neutralization

Question 25Multiple Choice

An endothermic perm requires:

A. No heat source

B. An outside heat source to process

C. Chemical activation only

D. UV light exposure

Question 26Multiple Choice

The purpose of base cream in a relaxer service is to:

A. Add shine

B. Protect the scalp and skin from chemical irritation

C. Speed up processing

D. Prevent color fading

True / False

Write T for True or F for False in the blank.

Question 27True / False

Permanent waves change the shape of hair by breaking and reforming disulfide bonds.

Question 28True / False

Acid waves have a higher pH than alkaline waves.

Question 29True / False

The neutralizer in a perm service is responsible for rebonding the hair in its new shape.

Question 30True / False

Hydroxide relaxers and thio relaxers can safely be used on the same client during different visits.

Question 31True / False

A strand test should be performed before every chemical texture service.

Question 32True / False

Larger perm rods produce tighter curls.

Question 33True / False

Base cream protects the client's scalp during a chemical relaxer service.

Question 34True / False

An exothermic perm generates its own heat through a chemical reaction.

Short Answer

Answer each question in 2-3 complete sentences.

Question 35Short Answer

Explain the chemical process of permanent waving, including what happens to disulfide bonds during processing and neutralization.

Question 36Short Answer

Compare alkaline (thio) perms and acid waves in terms of pH, active ingredients, processing method, and ideal hair types.

Question 37Short Answer

Why are hydroxide relaxers and thio relaxers incompatible? What could happen if both are used on the same hair?